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Illinois History
Cahokia, the center of the Native American Mississippian culture was located
in southern Illinois
near present-day Collinsville. When the Mississippian
culture disappeared, a political alliance of several tribes, the
Illinwek Confederation dominated the region, until they
in turn were replaced by the Potawatomi, Miami and Sauk tribes.
Probably the first Europeans to visit the area were the French explorers
Jacques Marquette and Louis Joliet, in 1673. As a result,
Illinois was part of the French empire until 1763.
However, following the Seven Years' War (generally known in the US as
the "French and Indian War"), control of the area passed
to Britain. In 1783, after the American Revolution, the area became
part of the United States' Northwest Territory.
The Illinois Territory was created in 1809, and in 1818 Illinois was admitted
to the United States as the 21st state, the last Native American tribes
being driven out in 1832.
Illinois served an important part in the American Civil War (1861 to 1865),
and contributed over 250,000 men to the Union Army, more than any other northern state
except New York,
Pennsylvania and Ohio.
These men in total mustered 150 infantry regiments, 17 cavalry regiments, and 2 light artillery regiments.
The state was struck by disaster in 1871 when fire broke out in
Chicago. This fire, known as the "Great Chicago Fire"
killed hundreds and destroyed about 4 square miles (10 km2). Even today,
this event is remembered: the second star of the city's municipal flag commemorates
the event.
Illinois was continued to grow in the 20th century, and among other
things is notable as the site of the first nuclear power generating
reactor
(Argonne National Laboratory near
Chicago in
1957),
and the first McDonald's franchise
(Des Plaines in
1960).
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By Roger Biles
Brand: Northern Illinois University Press
Paperback (351 pages)
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Crossroads of the continent, Land of Lincoln, hub of commerce—or, as Charles Dickens viewed it, a landscape "oppressive in its barren monotony"—Illinois boasts a rich and varied past. In this far-reaching but compact history, Roger Biles provides a much-needed, up-to-date account of the stateÆs development, from the early native settlements to the present. Focusing on IllinoisÆs demographic changes over time, he highlights the key figures who contributed to the stateÆs government, economy, culture, and the arts.
While devoting attention to the touchstones of history, Illinois illuminates also the achievements of ordinary people, including the women, the African Americans, and the other minorities who—along with the politicians, the captains of industry, and the military heroes—contributed to the stateÆs growth and prosperity. National events shaped the state as well, and Biles explores the impact of such crises as the Civil War and World War II on the people of Illinois.
No history of Illinois can ignore the stateÆs largest city, the dynamic metropolis on Lake Michigan—Chicago. Drawing on extensive research, Biles illuminates ChicagoÆs past—its outbursts of labor unrest and racial tensions as well as the splendors of two worldÆs fairs and an artistic renaissance—while at the same time relating Chicago to the larger story of Illinois and its people.
Connecting lesser-known stories with the main events of the stateÆs past, Biles writes in an accessible style that is at once entertaining and enlightening. Featuring 67 illustrations, Illinois will captivate readers of all ages and interests. |
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By James Krohe Jr
Southern Illinois University Press
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Winner, ISHS Annual Award for a Scholarly Publication, 2018
In Corn Kings and One-Horse Thieves, James Krohe Jr. presents an engaging history of an often overlooked region, filled with fascinating stories and surprising facts about Illinois’s midsection.
Krohe describes in lively prose the history of mid-Illinois from the Woodland period of prehistory until roughly 1960, covering the settlement of the region by peoples of disparate races and religions; the exploitation by Euro-Americans of forest, fish, and waterfowl; the transformation of farming into a high-tech industry; and the founding and deaths of towns. The economic, cultural, and racial factors that led to antagonism and accommodation between various people of different backgrounds are explored, as are the roles of education and religion in this part of the state. The book examines remarkable utopian experiments, social and moral reform movements, and innovations in transportation and food processing. It also offers fresh accounts of labor union warfare and social violence directed against Native Americans, immigrants, and African Americans and profiles three generations of political and government leaders, sometimes extraordinary and sometimes corrupt (the “one-horse thieves” of the title). A concluding chapter examines history’s roles as product, recreation, and civic bond in today’s mid-Illinois.
Accessible and entertaining yet well-researched and informative, Corn Kings and One-Horse Thieves draws on a wide range of sources to explore a surprisingly diverse section of Illinois whose history is America in microcosm. |
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By Mark Skipworth
What on Earth Books
Released: 2018-02-14
Hardcover (42 pages)
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In celebration of its official Bicentennial year, take a trip through the incredible history of Illinois with this fascinating timeline book that brings to life 200 years of the State’s history Beautifully illustrated and hugely engaging, The Illinois Chronicles’ show-stopping main feature is a 6-foot-long, fold-out timeline with more than 100 stunning images and illuminating captions that take readers on the Prairie State’s remarkable journey. The informative text is written in the form of nearly 50 “newspaper” articles, capturing important events in Illinois history in an engaging way. Experience key moments such as the birth of Illinois as the 21st state, the Chicago fire, Abraham Lincoln’s political rise, the Chicago World Fair, Barack Obama’s presidential election, the Chicago Cubs’ first world championship, and more. With features such as an Illinois Honor Roll – 36 mini biographies of important people in Illinois history – as well as 27 places to visit, a map, and information on the government branches and state flags, it all adds up to an exciting story of the people and events whose unique legacy can still be felt today. |
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By Thomas Ford
CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform
Paperback (572 pages)
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History of Illinois is a classic history of the midwestern state. |
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By Gerald A. Danzer
University of Illinois Press
Paperback (264 pages)
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Offering a rich and expansive history that extends far beyond the familiar anecdotes about Abraham Lincoln and the Great Chicago Fire, Illinois: A History in Pictures gathers drawings, engravings, photographs, maps, and other illustrations to inspire imaginations young and old to envision the history of Illinois in all its depth and breadth. Gerald A. Danzer distills the story of Illinois from these visual artifacts, exploring the state's history from its earliest peoples and their encounters with European settlers, through territorial struggles and the strife of the Civil War, and into the modern era of industry and urbanization. More than one hundred images capture dramatic moments and illustrate the growth and changes in the Prairie State's history, from the settlement of its territories to the construction of homes, factories, and statehouses. Danzer pays special attention to the maps of Illinois, showing how the state's character and prosperity have been shaped by the Great Lakes and great rivers at its borders and by the roads and railroads built to connect its people. Attending closely to the details of daily life, Illinois: A History in Pictures also focuses on notable people throughout the state's history, including the Ottawa Chief Pontiac and the Sauk Chief Black Hawk, pioneers of social justice Jane Addams and Mother Jones, sports heroes such as Red Grange, and of course American leaders Abraham Lincoln and Ronald Reagan. Danzer connects personal and local experiences to national affairs and global perspectives, pointing to Illinois's diverse populations and culture in the new millennium. |
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By David MacDonald
Southern Illinois University Press
Paperback (226 pages)
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This first comprehensive account of the Illinois village of Kaskaskia covers more than two hundred years in the vast and compelling history of the state. David MacDonald and Raine Waters explore Illinois’s first capital in great detail, from its foundation in 1703 to its destruction by the Mississippi River in the latter part of the nineteenth century, as well as everything in between: successes, setbacks, and the lives of the people who inhabited the space.
At the outset the Kaskaskia tribe, along with Jesuit missionaries and French traders, settled near the confluence of the Kaskaskia and Mississippi rivers, about sixty miles south of modern-day St. Louis. The town quickly became the largest French town and most prosperous settlement in the Illinois Country. After French control ended, Kaskaskia suffered under corrupt British and then inept American rule. In the 1790s the town revived and became the territorial capital, and in 1818 it became the first state capital. Along the way Kaskaskia was beset by disasters: crop failures, earthquakes, tornadoes, floods, epidemics, and the loss of the capital-city title to Vandalia. Likewise, human activity and industry eroded the river’s banks, causing the river to change course and eventually wash away the settlement. All that remains of the state’s first capital today is a village several miles from the original site.
MacDonald and Waters focus on the town’s growth, struggles, prosperity, decline, and obliteration, providing an overview of its domestic architecture to reveal how its residents lived. Debunking the notion of a folklore tradition about a curse on the town, the authors instead trace those stories to late nineteenth-century journalistic inventions. The result is a vibrant, heavily illustrated, and highly readable history of Kaskaskia that sheds light on the entire early history of Illinois.
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By Mark Hubbard
University of Illinois Press
Released: 2018-05-15
Paperback (256 pages)
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A renaissance in Illinois history scholarship has sparked renewed interest in the Prairie State's storied past. Students, meanwhile, continue to pursue coursework in Illinois history to fulfill degree requirements and for their own edification.
This Common Threads collection offers important articles from the Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society. Organized as an approachable survey of state history, the book offers chapters that cover the colonial era, early statehood, the Civil War years, the Gilded Age and Progressive eras, World War II, and postwar Illinois. The essays reflect the wide range of experiences lived by Illinoisans engaging in causes like temperance and women's struggle for a shorter workday; facing challenges that range from the rise of street gangs to Decatur's urban decline; and navigating historic issues like the 1822-24 constitutional crisis and the Alton School Case.
Contributors: Roger Biles, Lilia Fernandez, Paul Finkelman, Raymond E. Hauser, Reginald Horsman, Suellen Hoy, Judson Jeffries, Lionel Kimble Jr., Thomas E. Pegram, Shirley Portwood, Robert D. Sampson, Ronald E. Shaw, and Robert M. Sutton.
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By James Edward Davis
Indiana University Press
Hardcover (432 pages)
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""O, this is a delightful country!"" one newly arrived settler wrote to a friend back East. Indeed, as James E. Davis shows, many newcomers found Illinois a hospitable and relatively peaceful place in which to start a new life. In this sweeping history of the making of the state, Davis tells the story of Illinois from the Ice Age to the eve of the Civil War. He describes the earliest Native American civilizations, the coming of LaSalle and Joliet and the founding of the French colony, the brief history of British Illinois, and the complex history of subsequent settlement that brought distinct cultural traditions to Illinois. A major theme of this book is the relative absence of violence, at least after the Blackhawk War of 1832, even over explosive issues such as slavery. Davis treats these developments in careful detail, while keeping the reader mindful of the experiences of Illinois' ordinary people. |
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By Stan Banash
Mountain Press Publishing Company
Paperback (496 pages)
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Did you know that Chicago was named for a wild onion? Or that the only president born in Illinois was Ronald Reagan? Or that the Ferris Wheel, processed cheese, the game of softball, the fly swatter, and the automatic dishwasher were all invented by Illinoisans? You’ll find these stories and hundreds more in , an entertaining and revealing tour of the Prairie State’s historical places.
Native Illinoisan Stan Banash describes the state’s diverse history as he guides readers along its highways and byways, sometimes tracing routes with a history of their own (the Old Cumberland Road, the Trail of Tears, the Lincoln Highway, and U.S. Route 66, for examples). The engaging text is enhanced with 120 historical and modern photos, along with a map for each region. Old-timers, newcomers, and visitors alike will love this info-packed history. |
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By John R. Schmidt
The History Press
Released: 2019-07-08
Paperback (144 pages)
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Take in the sights of Chicago's forgotten byways, including a cow trail through a downtown hotel. Pause reflectively at the cemetery in a working scrapyard and the church built without a nail. Stop by the one-time homes of Walt Disney, Joe Louis, Hillary Clinton and Al Capone. Along the way, greet forgotten Chicago notables like the vice president who won a Nobel Prize and wrote a number-one pop hit. From the shortest street to the oldest house, John R. Schmidt visits the sites of Chicago's neglected history. |
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